Another side of Kalimna

Julian Hollis

On a perfect Autumn day, geologist Julian Hollis recently led fourteen walkers on the second FOBIF walk of the year, through Kalimna Park. We were lucky to be accompanied by Julian, who is often seen walking in the area and has studied it for some years.

Kalimna is well known for its variety of native vegetation, and particularly its spring wildflowers. It is less well known for its 400 to 450 million years of geological history, but Julian’s explanations brought that history to life for the walkers.

On the way to Kalimna we stopped at the cutting on the north-east corner of the intersection of Campbell and Hargreaves Street. There, Julian explained that the cutting was created in the 1850s so that horses would not be faced with such steep inclines. Two interesting geological features of the cutting were the quartz reef and anticline shown in the photos below. 

Quartz reef and Anticline on the corner of Campbell and Hargreaves Streets

Heading towards the Tourist Road we stopped to take in the view to the south, where Mount Franklin and other peaks could easily be seen.

View over Castlemaine and beyond from Kalimna

In the couple of hours that followed we walked on tracks to the north-east of the Park and then back to the Mount Alexander Golf Course. Julian discussed the large anticline on the Tourist Road, as well as some intriguing tube-like holes in a rock face, and he pointed out evidence of early miners’ cottages. We now know that some of those miners were unlucky, because we saw a shaft in excess of 35 metres, in which no gold at all was found. 

Anticline on the Tourist Road (left). Looking into the deep mine shaft (right).

Many will have driven over the Tourist Road but fewer would know that its original gravel surface came from quarries in Muckleford. 

We also saw evidence of a little known geological ‘shear’, and Julian showed how rocks can be dated according to the impressions left by graptolites known to have lived at particular times.

Thanks to Julian for leading another informative and authoritative walk in our local area.

Dominique Lavie has sent us some extra photos which highlight the stunning colour and texture of the many rock formations we viewed. Her photos can be found here.

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Burglars, super heroes and moss

 Castlemaine has had less than 40% of its long term average rainfall over the months since the start of October 2012.

This is a source of concern for a number of reasons. One is that it has delayed the start of activities for the FOBIF moss group, which is preparing the publication of a field guide for later this year.

One advantage of such a field guide is that it would enable readers to see through  criminals trying to disguise themselves as moss. You may think this is a bizarre idea, but a couple of years ago an ambitious burglar disguised as a lump of moss tried to break into a museum in Oregon. You never know where the next threat is coming from.

Breutelia affinis and Triquetrella papillata, Mount Alexander: we don't recommend these as disguises for bank robbers. We're not sure about appropriate dress for moss superheroes.

Our source for this story is the New York Post. It’s a Murdoch publication described recently as having ‘long since given up on being a real newspaper’, but we’re prepared to believe this story. The thief was caught when bitten by a police dog which saw through the disguise. The Post’s sub editors were thus unable to resist the headline ‘A Peat Offender: Thief makes a moss of it.’ Not terribly scientific, but what can you expect of the Post?

Moss isn’t only an aid to criminals. David Meagher has revealed in the Australian Bryological Newsletter that there is a super hero called Moss Man. Since we suspect our readers are not well informed on super heroes, we offer David’s in depth research here:

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Poverty Gully reduction burn completed?

 DSE completed the second half of its Zone 2 reduction burn in Poverty Gully on Friday April 4. Our reports on the first half of this operation can be found here and here. We will be having a look at the results in the next week and reporting what we find.

Murray Goldfields Fire Manager Simon Brown has revealed that the Kalimna Park burns will be delayed till next year. These will involve the area around Kalimna Point and almost the whole of the rest of the Park, on both sides of the tourist road.

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Poor Coliban

Travellers across the Coliban River on the Taradale-Metcalfe road recently will have noticed that the river is looking terrible. Although there’s a very small flow,  the water is an unhealthy milky colour and there’s a peculiar scum on it.

The problem is that there’s been little rain since October and practically none this year. The Catchment Management Authority is aware of the problem, and is planning a small environmental release from the Malmsbury reservoir in the near future.

The Coliban at Taradale. An environmental release is planned to give the river a break: but maybe the Coliban would be in better shape if water wasted in the Poverty Gully channel in January had been put into the river instead..

There’s an interesting dimension to this problem. The water in the Malmsbury/Upper Coliban dams is managed by the Coliban Water Authority, mostly for community and licence holder use.. The CMA is entitled to a very small amount of this water for environmental flows into the river system.

The problem is that some of the water released to licence holders seems to be blatantly wasted. As an example: in January water was released into the notoriously leaky Poverty Gully water race. Although it’s hard to get a figure on it, Coliban water has conceded that a relatively small proportion of the water released at Malmsbury actually makes it through to Castlemaine. Sources at the authority tell us that they’d like to take the race out of commission–but for some reason or other they haven’t taken the necessary steps to do this.

The water released into Poverty Gully is relatively small, in the grand scheme of things: but when the Coliban river is sick, it would seem to be a better idea to give it a hand, rather than toss precious water into the air.

The CMA welcomes community feedback on river quality: write to info@nccma.vic.gov.au

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How to shoot birds

On Thursday 25th April Chris Tzaros will give a presentation on tips and techniques for photographing birds, at Newstead Community Centre at 7.30pm. “We are really looking forward to having Chris address our group again” said Frances Cincotta, President of Newstead Landcare Group.

Chris has maintained a strong interest in natural history since his childhood. Brought up in central Victoria, he has a particular passion for and knowledge of woodland and wetland ecosystems, particularly birds.

In 2005 Chris authored a comprehensive book on birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians of our local area titled, “Wildlife of the Box-Ironbark Country”.  The nature soundscape CD that comes with the book was recorded by Andrew Skeoch, a member of Newstead Landcare.

“I’m currently employed with BirdLife Australia” said Chris. “I co-coordinate a major woodland bird conservation project throughout Victoria, New South Wales and Tasmania”.

Grey-crowned Babblers photographed by Chris Tzaros

Everyone is welcome to Newstead Community Centre next Thursday evening to learn how Chris gets the amazing shots that he produces. The presentation will go for about an hour and will be followed by supper. A gold coin donation from attendees helps the group cover costs.

On the following Saturday Chris Tzaros and Geoff Park will run a workshop on bird photography, but that booked out very soon after it was advertised on Geoff’s “Natural Newstead” blog.  Another talented member of Newstead Landcare, Geoff has been photographing nature and writing about it on-line since December 2008 and you can read and subscribe to this informative nature diary by clicking here.

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Sunday 14 April – Nature Search Day, Maldon Historic Reserve 9am – 4pm

How do management burns change our bushlands? This isn’t an easy question to answer, given the lack of information on ‘before and after’ monitoring.

The informal Muckleford Forest Friends Group is confronting this problem by organising a day in an area designated for burning, to record its values. FOBIF members are urged to rock up—just make sure you RSVP beforehand to the address below. Here are the details:

“Come along and help map some key natural values in a section of the forest proposed for a ‘prescribed burn’ in autumn 2014. By getting to know the forest and documenting its values, we can really engage with DSE as they plan the burns, helping make sure the most valuable areas are not damaged.

“We’ll look at an area of around 180 hectares in the Maldon Historic Area just north of the Gowar School: it’s on the Castlemaine-Maldon Road.

“You don’t need to be an expert – although experts are very welcome – and everyone will get a chance to try at least two of different recording methods.

“You can come for the whole day – or just the morning or the afternoon. The morning recording session will be 9am to 12 noon, lunch 12 to 1 and afternoon recording 1-4pm. We will meet at the Gowar School ruin at 9am, or at lunch time if you are just coming for the afternoon. Dress for the weather and bring your own food and water. And PLEASE let us know you are coming, and if you have field recording skills or equipment you can bring – email mucklefordffg@bigpond.com

“Our plan is to record:

  • Big Trees – we’ll photograph, measure and GPS big trees – including coppiced trees with big hollows in their base – such hollows are often the only hollows available for a range of animals, but are very vulnerable to ‘burn out’ during prescribed burns
  • Birds – we’ll record birds we see and hear under the guidance of Geoff Park
  • Understorey – we’ll do a series of transects and sample the amount and diversity of understory plants to get a sense of vegetation quality
  • Fuel load – we’ll use the DSE method to sample and record the amount and form of fuel

“We’ll be testing approaches that we hope can then be applied to other parts of the Muckleford Forest – and to other forest areas as well. If you have ideas for other documentation that could be done on the day, please let us know by email.”

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Butterflies feeding on sap

Tony Morton has sent us these observations of butterflies in Kalimna Park. The photos were taken on the west side of Kalimna, in the Castlemaine Copper patch, just above the bench, in mid-April 2012. He plans to look to see if there are any signs of a repeat performance this year. This patch of the Park is due for a management burn this autumn.

‘Sap exuding from a tree often attracts insects.  This sap was oozing quite plentifully from the tree (a young Lemon scented Gum?) at about waist height.  It was very sticky and sweetish to the taste, but without any discernible eucalypt flavour.

 

 

‘Note the many wings of female Common Browns (Heteronympha merope), trapped in the sap, heads and bodies presumably taken by European wasps, which were in attendance (far left photo). One of the butterflies was caught as I watched.

 

‘Also feeding on the sap were a couple of Four-tailed Emperors (Polyura sempronius).  You can see the Emperor’s orange proboscis (very like the Purple Emperor’s of Europe) in this photo. As they feed, head down, they shift their hindwings up and down, like a Lycaenid does.  This butterfly, endemic to Australia, is more often encountered in sub-tropical areas up the Eastern coast, but it seems to have spread south over the last decade or two.  I have occasionally seen them flying powerfully about on the Point over the last few years, but they are never common.  Flying, they look much whiter than they actually are, but they are far bigger than any other butterfly usually encountered in this area. The larvae feed on various species of Acacia.’

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National Parks for sale?

The Victorian National Parks Association is campaigning against the State Government’s decision to open our parks to commercial development. The VNPA has issued the following statement:

‘On Easter Sunday (31 March 2013), the State Government released new guidelines for ‘tourism investment’ in national parks.’The guidelines invite private developments in two-thirds of our national parks – essentially hanging a ‘for sale’ sign on our finest natural areas. National parks are primarily protected areas for nature conservation, sensitive recreation and respite – not for commercial property development.

Otway NP: There is no evidence that commercial developments in National Parks bring any improvements in park management. The chief beneficiaries are the developers.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

‘The government proposes to give property developers up to 99 year leases, which is effectively selling sites in parks.

‘The guidelines have a number of vague principles, and outline a five-stage approval process, but the provisions for community consultation are weak.

‘Alarmingly, it is not until development of a full proposal that a detailed environmental management plan will be required, leaving no opportunity for community comment on this critical aspect.

Worldwide experience shows it is the investors who benefit most from private developments in parks, not the majority of park visitors and certainly not the parks themselves.

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Want to buy a premium penguin product?

The State Government’s decision to open National Parks to commercial development [see above] has its origins way back in the Kennett era, but surfaced more recently in a report published by the Labour Government in 2008. It’s called Victoria’s Nature based tourism strategy 2008-12 . This report was enthusiastically endorsed by then Conservation Minister Gavin Jennings and Tourism Minister Tim Holding in 2010. A critical account of it can be found here.

The report pointed out that over 28 million people visit our parks every year [a figure which puts paid to the idea that parks ‘lock out’ people]: the problem is that they don’t spend enough money. The strategy devoted its attention to ways we can attract rich people to our parks and get them to spend. Among other things it enthusiastically endorsed the idea of ‘products’: for example, it liked a ‘premium penguin viewing product’ available at Phillip Island. This involves getting people to pose for faked photos making them look as if they’re up close and personal with penguins. Similarly, the report talks, not of encourageing people to go for a walk, but of getting them to ‘buy a walk product’.

It’s worth comparing this kind of objective with the purposes of parks, as set out in the National Parks Act first passed by a Liberal Government in 1975. In this document Parks are

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Moth empire to strike back?

As we reported in January, the cup moth devastation of our bushlands seems to be over. But the respite for the affected trees [which have only partly recovered] may be temporary. Tony Morton has sent us these observations from Glenluce:

‘I would like to draw attention to this year’s large population of adult Doratifera oxleyi, the Painted Cup-moth, that produces those extraordinary larvae that are known as Bondi Trams, among other things, and were responsible for the defoliation of a large swathe of Eucalypts in the forests this spring. From 2000 – 2011, I saw very few adult moths (two or three a year). However, last March and this there have been scores coming to light. The trees will be under stress even more next spring, it seems to me, especially as there has been very little rain this year to help them recover from the previous infestation. However, I expect they’re used to it. I thought this worth mentioning, not that we can do anything about it. The moths don’t seem to have predators, though there must be parasitoids. I’ve never seen even Magpies feeding on them. Perhaps a virus will decimate them this year. There have been infestations previously, I believe, so it may be a decennial, or more, phenomenon!’
We’ll have to wait and see on this one: and we’ll be interested in the reaction of DSE, which is planning extensive burns in moth affected bushlands south of Vaughan Springs.
For more info on this interesting–and irritating–creature, click here and here.
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